/* KU CAP-26 — IEEE-style transparent overlay design */

:root{
  --blue: #1565C0;
  --navy: #0d47a1;
  --cyan: #29b6f6;
  --cyan-bright: #4fc3f7;
  --gold: #FFB81C;
  --text: #222222;
  --muted: #5c5c5c;
  --border: #d9d9d9;
  --bg-alt: #f4f6f8;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

body{
  margin: 0;
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
  color: var(--text);
  background: #ffffff;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

a{ color: var(--blue); }
a:hover{ color: var(--navy); }

img{ max-width: 100%; display: block; }

.wrap{ max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 24px; }

/* ==========================================================================
   TRANSPARENT NAVIGATION & HEADER (IEEE-STYLE OVERLAY)
   ========================================================================== */

.site-header-wrapper {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  z-index: 1000;
  background: #3e6389; /* Authentic IOE Blue */
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);
  transition: background 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

/* Sticky on scroll */
.site-header-wrapper.scrolled {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  background: #325171;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

/* Top utility bar — crisp IEEE line & styling */
.topbar{
  background: transparent;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  border-bottom: 1.5px solid var(--cyan);
}

.topbar-inner{
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 8px 20px;
  padding: 6px 0;
}

.topbar-left{
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 20px;
}

.topbar-right{
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 16px;
}

.topbar a{
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.topbar a:hover{
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
}

/* Bold cyan highlighted topbar links (like "Join IEEE") */
.topbar a.topbar-highlight{
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.topbar a.topbar-highlight:hover{
  color: #ffffff;
  text-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(0, 229, 255, 0.6);
}

/* Main Header */
header.site-header{
  background: transparent;
  border: none;
  position: relative;
}

.header-inner{
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px 24px;
  padding: 10px 0;
}

.brand{
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: #ffffff;
}

.brand-logo{
  height: 44px;
  width: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  filter: drop-shadow(0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5));
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.brand:hover .brand-logo{
  transform: scale(1.04);
}

.brand-text{
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.brand-name{
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #ffffff;
  line-height: 1.1;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
}

.brand-tag{
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.25;
  margin-top: 1px;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

nav.site-nav{
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 22px;
}

nav.site-nav a{
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  padding: 6px 0;
  position: relative;
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45);
}

nav.site-nav a:hover{
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
}

nav.site-nav a.current{
  color: #ffffff;
  font-weight: 600;
}

nav.site-nav a.current::after{
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0px;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--cyan);
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.6);
}

/* Navigation Dropdown */
.nav-dropdown {
  position: relative;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.dropdown-toggle {
  background: transparent;
  border: none;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  padding: 6px 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  text-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45);
  transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.dropdown-toggle:hover,
.nav-dropdown:hover .dropdown-toggle,
.nav-dropdown.open .dropdown-toggle {
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
}

.dropdown-caret {
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.nav-dropdown:hover .dropdown-caret,
.nav-dropdown.open .dropdown-caret {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.dropdown-menu {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(8px);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.94);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  border-top: 2.5px solid var(--blue);
  border-radius: 6px;
  min-width: 220px;
  padding: 6px 0;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 36px rgba(0, 20, 60, 0.16), 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  display: none; /* hide by default */
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease, visibility 0.2s;
  z-index: 1100;
}

.nav-dropdown:hover .dropdown-menu,
.nav-dropdown.open .dropdown-menu {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0);
  display: block; /* show on hover or click */
}

nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a {
  display: block;
  padding: 10px 18px;
  color: #0f2744 !important;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-shadow: none !important;
  transition: all 0.18s ease;
  white-space: nowrap;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  border-left: 3px solid transparent;
}

nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a:hover {
  background: #eef5fc !important;
  color: #1565c0 !important;
  text-shadow: none !important;
  padding-left: 22px;
  border-left-color: #1565c0;
}

nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a.current {
  color: #1565c0 !important;
  font-weight: 700;
  background: #e3effc !important;
  border-left-color: #1565c0;
  text-shadow: none !important;
}

/* Mobile Toggle Hamburger */
.nav-toggle{
  display: none;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 8px;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 5px;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.nav-toggle:hover{
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
}

.nav-toggle span{
  display: block;
  width: 22px;
  height: 2px;
  background: #ffffff;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.nav-toggle.open span:nth-child(1){
  transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg);
}
.nav-toggle.open span:nth-child(2){
  opacity: 0;
}
.nav-toggle.open span:nth-child(3){
  transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg);
}

/* Mobile responsive navigation */
@media (max-width: 900px){
  .topbar-left{ display: none; }
  .topbar-inner{ justify-content: flex-end; }

  .brand-logo{ height: 36px; }
  .brand-name{ font-size: 1.15rem; }
  .brand-tag{ display: none; }

  .nav-toggle{ display: flex; }

  nav.site-nav{
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background: rgba(2, 22, 45, 0.97);
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    max-height: 0;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: max-height 0.32s ease;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--cyan);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
    z-index: 999;
  }

  nav.site-nav.open{
    max-height: calc(100vh - 65px);
    overflow-y: auto;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
  }

  nav.site-nav a{
    padding: 14px 20px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
  }

  nav.site-nav a.current{
    border-left-color: var(--cyan);
    background: rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.1);
  }

  nav.site-nav a.current::after{ display: none; }

  .nav-dropdown {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }

  .dropdown-toggle {
    padding: 14px 20px;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
    border-left: 3px solid transparent;
    justify-content: space-between;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: left;
    cursor: pointer;
    -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
  }

  .nav-dropdown.open .dropdown-toggle {
    background: rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.08);
    color: var(--cyan-bright);
    border-left-color: var(--cyan);
  }

  .dropdown-menu {
    position: static;
    transform: none;
    background: rgba(0, 18, 38, 0.78);
    border: none;
    border-left: 3px solid var(--cyan);
    border-radius: 0;
    box-shadow: inset 0 2px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    padding: 0;
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    display: none;
    min-width: auto;
  }

  .nav-dropdown.open .dropdown-menu {
    display: block;
  }

  nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a {
    padding: 12px 20px 12px 28px;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.92) !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
    text-shadow: none !important;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
  }

  nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a::before {
    content: "›";
    color: var(--cyan);
    font-size: 1.15rem;
    font-weight: bold;
    line-height: 1;
  }

  nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a:hover {
    color: var(--cyan-bright) !important;
    background: rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.12) !important;
    padding-left: 32px;
    border-left-color: transparent;
  }

  nav.site-nav .dropdown-menu a.current {
    color: var(--cyan-bright) !important;
    background: rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.18) !important;
    font-weight: 700;
  }
}

/* Very small screens */
@media (max-width: 480px){
  .topbar a{ font-size: 0.76rem; }
  .topbar-right{ gap: 10px; }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   HERO SECTION (HOME PAGE)
   ========================================================================== */

.hero{
  position: relative;
  height: 75vh;
  min-height: 480px;
  max-height: 640px;
  overflow: hidden;
  color: #ffffff;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: flex-end;
}

.hero-slides{
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 1;
}

.hero-slides img{
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  opacity: 0;
  transition: opacity 1.4s ease;
}

.hero-slides img.active{ opacity: 1; }

/* Subtle dark vignette — ensures hero text is readable while image remains vibrant */
.hero::after{
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 2;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(0, 15, 35, 0.40) 0%, rgba(0, 15, 35, 0.05) 45%, rgba(0, 10, 25, 0.65) 100%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

/* Hero info card — small, transparent glass, pinned to the left side */
.hero-panel{
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
  margin: 0 0 clamp(24px, 5vh, 48px) clamp(20px, 4vw, 50px);
  max-width: 380px;
  background: rgba(2, 22, 45, 0.45);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  padding: 20px 24px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.14);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--cyan);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
}

.hero-edition-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
  background: rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.15);
  border: 1px solid rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.35);
  padding: 3px 10px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.hero-panel h1{
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.4vw, 1.8rem);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.hero-panel p{
  color: rgba(220, 240, 255, 0.92);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  max-width: 44ch;
  margin: 0 0 16px;
}

.hero-panel .hero-ctas{
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.hero-panel .hero-ctas a{
  display: inline-block;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
  padding: 7px 18px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.hero-panel .hero-ctas a.solid{
  background: var(--cyan);
  color: #ffffff;
  border-color: var(--cyan);
}

.hero-panel .hero-ctas a:hover{
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  border-color: #ffffff;
}

.hero-panel .hero-ctas a.solid:hover{
  background: #0099bf;
  border-color: #0099bf;
  box-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.45);
}

/* Mobile: panel adapts cleanly to mobile screens while hero image fills the view */
@media (max-width: 700px){
  .hero{
    height: 100vh;
    min-height: 520px;
    max-height: none;
  }
  .hero-panel{
    margin: 0 16px 24px 16px;
    max-width: none;
    padding: 16px 18px 20px;
    background: rgba(2, 22, 45, 0.55);
  }
  .hero-panel h1{
    font-size: 1.3rem;
  }
  .hero-panel p{
    font-size: 0.84rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
    margin: 0 0 14px;
  }
}

/* Header on inner pages — matching IOE blue background */
.site-header-wrapper.inner-nav {
  position: relative;
  background: #3e6389;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);
}

.site-header-wrapper.inner-nav.scrolled {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  background: #325171;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   IOE GRADUATE CONFERENCE TWO-COLUMN JUMBOTRON SECTION
   ========================================================================== */

.ioe-announcement-section {
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e9ecef;
  padding: 24px 0 20px;
}

.ioe-announcement-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.15fr 0.85fr;
  gap: 36px;
  align-items: start;
}

.ioe-col-left h3 {
  color: #446E9B;
  font-size: 1.55rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
}

.ioe-col-left h4 {
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #212529;
  margin: 0 0 10px;
}

.ioe-col-left p {
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  color: #495057;
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin: 0;
}

.ioe-col-left p a {
  color: #00629b;
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.ioe-col-right h4 {
  color: #446E9B;
  font-size: 1.45rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin: 0 0 6px;
}

.ioe-col-right h5 {
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #212529;
  margin: 0 0 2px;
}

.deadline-green {
  color: #198754; /* Green */
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.ioe-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 7px;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  margin-top: 4px;
}

.ioe-links a {
  color: #00629b;
  text-decoration: none;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  transition: color 0.15s ease, transform 0.15s ease;
}

.ioe-links a:hover {
  color: #004068;
  text-decoration: underline;
  transform: translateX(2px);
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .ioe-announcement-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 20px;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   IOE GRADUATE CONFERENCE PHOTO CAROUSEL
   ========================================================================== */

.ioe-carousel-wrapper {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  height: 58vh;
  min-height: 380px;
  max-height: 520px;
  background-color: #0a101d;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border);
  outline: none;
}

.ioe-carousel-item {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center 20%; /* Preserves faces and stage view cleanly */
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity 0.65s ease-in-out, visibility 0.65s ease-in-out;
}

.ioe-carousel-item.active {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

/* Manual Navigation Buttons (Left / Right) */
.ioe-carousel-control {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.42);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 22px;
  opacity: 0.82;
  transition: all 0.22s ease;
  z-index: 12;
  cursor: pointer;
  user-select: none;
  backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(4px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
  padding: 0;
  line-height: 1;
}

.ioe-carousel-control:hover {
  opacity: 1;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.78);
  border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
  transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.1);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
}

.ioe-carousel-control:active {
  transform: translateY(-50%) scale(0.96);
}

.ioe-carousel-control.prev { left: 18px; }
.ioe-carousel-control.next { right: 18px; }

/* Bottom Dash Indicators for Manual Slide Picking */
.ioe-carousel-indicators {
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 14px;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 8px;
  z-index: 15;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 8px;
  list-style: none;
}

.ioe-carousel-indicators li {
  width: 32px;
  height: 4px;
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.25s ease;
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
}

.ioe-carousel-indicators li:hover {
  background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.85);
  transform: scaleY(1.3);
}

.ioe-carousel-indicators li.active {
  background-color: #ffffff;
  width: 44px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .ioe-carousel-wrapper {
    height: 42vh;
    min-height: 280px;
  }
  .ioe-carousel-caption {
    bottom: 20px;
    padding: 8px 16px;
  }
  .ioe-carousel-caption-head {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   STAGE SPEAKER SHOWCASE (CONNECT SPHERE / TILES INSPIRATION)
   ========================================================================== */

.stage-showcase-section {
  position: relative;
  background: #000000;
  color: #ffffff;
  padding: 28px 0 32px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
  border-bottom: 2px solid #000000;
  width: 100%;
}

.stage-showcase-inner {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 100%;
  margin: 0 auto;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
  overflow: hidden;
}

/* Viewport for full-width horizontal ribbon running edge-to-edge */
.stage-tiles-viewport {
  width: 100%;
  overflow-x: auto;
  overflow-y: hidden;
  padding: 14px 0 20px;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
  scrollbar-width: none;
}

.stage-tiles-viewport::-webkit-scrollbar {
  display: none;
}

/* The dynamic angled track running horizontally across the screen */
.stage-tiles-track {
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  gap: 6px; /* Tight, crisp spacing */
  transform: rotate(-1.5deg);
  transition: transform 0.35s ease;
  padding: 8px 20px;
  width: max-content;
  animation: stageTilesScroll 42s linear infinite;
}

.stage-tiles-track:hover {
  animation-play-state: paused;
}

@keyframes stageTilesScroll {
  0% { transform: translateX(0) rotate(-1.5deg); }
  100% { transform: translateX(-50%) rotate(-1.5deg); }
}

/* Individual Vertical Speaker Tile — Enlarged & Pure Photo */
.stage-tile {
  width: clamp(140px, 11vw, 172px);
  height: clamp(210px, 17.5vw, 265px);
  flex-shrink: 0;
  border-radius: 0; /* Sharp filmstrip corners */
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  background: #0a0a0a;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 28px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.85);
  cursor: pointer;
  border: none;
  transition: transform 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1), filter 0.25s ease;
}

.stage-tile:hover {
  transform: scale(1.06);
  filter: brightness(1.15);
  z-index: 10;
}

.stage-tile-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  background-size: cover;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  transition: transform 0.35s ease;
}

.stage-tile:hover .stage-tile-img {
  transform: scale(1.08);
}

/* Scaled Headline Banner (Comfortably fits on one line) */
.stage-marquee-headline {
  margin: 16px 0 14px;
  text-align: center;
  user-select: none;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 0 16px;
}

.stage-headline-text {
  font-family: 'Impact', 'Arial Black', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 2.75vw, 2.2rem);
  font-weight: 900;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  color: #ffffff;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  gap: clamp(8px, 1.8vw, 18px);
  line-height: 1.1;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.95);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.stage-headline-text span {
  display: inline-block;
}

.stage-headline-text .bullet {
  color: #ffffff;
  opacity: 0.7;
  font-size: 0.7em;
  line-height: 1;
}

/* The bold highlight for KU CAP replacing conferences */
.stage-headline-text .highlight-kucap {
  color: #ffffff;
  position: relative;
}

/* Centered Vibrant Orange Button (SAVE MY SPOT from reference) */
.stage-cta-wrap {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  margin-top: 6px;
}

.stage-cta-button {
  background: #ff5722;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-weight: 800;
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  padding: 10px 30px;
  border-radius: 5px;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 18px rgba(255, 87, 34, 0.45);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
}

.stage-cta-button:hover {
  background: #f4511e;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(255, 87, 34, 0.65);
}

/* Mobile Responsiveness for Stage Showcase */
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .stage-showcase-section {
    padding: 22px 0 26px;
  }
  .stage-tiles-viewport {
    padding-left: 10px;
    padding-right: 10px;
  }
  .stage-tiles-track {
    animation-duration: 32s;
  }
  .stage-tile {
    width: 125px;
    height: 190px;
  }
  .stage-headline-text {
    font-size: clamp(0.95rem, 3.8vw, 1.4rem);
    gap: 6px;
  }
  .stage-cta-button {
    padding: 9px 24px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   PAGE BANNER (INNER PAGES)
   ========================================================================== */

.page-banner{
  position: relative;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #001a35 0%, #003366 60%, #00558f 100%);
  color: #ffffff;
  padding: 140px 0 45px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.page-banner::before{
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 80% 20%, rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.18) 0%, transparent 60%);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.page-banner h1{
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin: 0;
  border: none;
  padding: 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   INFO STRIP
   ========================================================================== */

.info-strip{
  background: var(--navy);
  color: #ffffff;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--cyan);
}

.info-strip .wrap{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  padding: 0;
}

.info-strip .item{
  padding: 18px 24px;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  text-align: center;
}

.info-strip .item:last-child{ border-right: none; }

.info-strip .lbl{
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  color: #9fd8fb;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.info-strip .val{
  font-weight: 700;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

@media (max-width: 700px){
  .info-strip .wrap{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .info-strip .item{ border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15); }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   IEEE-STYLE CALLS FOR PAPERS FEATURE BANNER (EXTENDED FULL-WIDTH ACROSS)
   ========================================================================== */

.cfp-extended-wrapper {
  width: 100%;
  position: relative;
  background: 
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(2, 22, 50, 0.95) 0%, rgba(2, 28, 64, 0.86) 50%, rgba(2, 22, 50, 0.95) 100%),
    url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1518770660439-4636190af475?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1800&q=80') center center / cover no-repeat;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 36px rgba(0, 15, 35, 0.25);
  border-top: 1.5px solid rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.35);
  border-bottom: 1.5px solid rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.25);
  padding: 48px 0 52px;
  margin: 0;
}

.cfp-extended-wrapper .cfp-feature-inner {
  padding: 0;
}

.cfp-feature-banner {
  margin: 16px auto 20px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  background: 
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(2, 22, 50, 0.94) 0%, rgba(2, 28, 64, 0.82) 50%, rgba(2, 22, 50, 0.94) 100%),
    url('https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1518770660439-4636190af475?auto=format&fit=crop&w=1600&q=80') center center / cover no-repeat;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 15, 35, 0.18);
  border: 1px solid rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.25);
}

.cfp-feature-inner {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.15fr 1fr;
  gap: 36px;
  padding: 40px 44px;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.cfp-feature-left {
  color: #ffffff;
}

.cfp-feature-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  color: var(--cyan);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.cfp-feature-left h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.3rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #ffffff;
  margin: 0 0 12px;
  line-height: 1.18;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.cfp-feature-left p {
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: rgba(225, 240, 255, 0.88);
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  max-width: 48ch;
}

.cfp-feature-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  background: var(--cyan);
  color: #ffffff;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  padding: 9px 20px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: all 0.22s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.35);
}

.cfp-feature-btn:hover {
  background: #0099bf;
  color: #ffffff;
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.5);
}

.cfp-feature-right {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px;
}

.cfp-feature-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
  border-radius: 6px;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.cfp-feature-link:hover {
  background: rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.18);
  border-color: rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.45);
  transform: translateX(4px);
  color: #ffffff;
}

.cfp-feature-arrow {
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1;
}

.cfp-feature-link-text {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.cfp-feature-link-title {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #ffffff;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.cfp-feature-link-desc {
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  color: rgba(220, 240, 255, 0.72);
  margin-top: 2px;
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .cfp-feature-inner {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    padding: 28px 20px;
    gap: 24px;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   MAIN CONTENT & INNER PAGES
   ========================================================================== */

main{ padding: 48px 0 60px; }
main.inner-main{ padding: 34px 0 60px; }
main.index-main{ padding: 0; margin: 0; }

h1.page-title{
  font-size: 1.85rem;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--cyan);
  display: inline-block;
  font-weight: 700;
}

h2{
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 32px 0 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.prose > h2:first-child{
  margin-top: 0;
}

h3{
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

p{ margin: 0 0 16px; }

ul, ol{ margin: 0 0 16px; padding-left: 22px; }
li{ margin-bottom: 6px; }

.page-image{
  width: 100%;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  margin: 0 0 24px;
}

/* Topic cards */
.topics-grid{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
  margin: 0 0 24px;
}

.topic-card{
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #ffffff;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.topic-card:hover{
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 98, 155, 0.12);
}

.topic-card img{
  width: 100%;
  height: 160px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.topic-card .body{ padding: 20px 22px 24px; }

.topic-card h3{ margin-bottom: 12px; color: var(--navy); }

.topic-card ul{ padding-left: 18px; font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--muted); margin: 0; }

@media (max-width: 850px){
  .topics-grid{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   SPEAKERS SECTION
   ========================================================================== */

/* ==========================================================================
   SPEAKERS SECTION & WEBBY CYBER GRID
   ========================================================================== */

/* ==========================================================================
   SPEAKERS PAGE & 3x3 MATRIX LAYOUT
   ========================================================================== */

/* Clean Academic Styling for Speakers Page */
body.speakers-page {
  background-color: #f8fafc;
  color: var(--text);
}

body.speakers-page h1.page-title {
  color: var(--primary);
  border-bottom: 2px solid var(--border);
  padding-bottom: 12px;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   EDITION SELECTION CARDS (SERVICES / SELECTION CARDS STYLE)
   ========================================================================== */

.edition-selection-wrapper {
  margin: 16px 0 24px;
}

.edition-cards-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 16px;
}

.edition-card-item {
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1.5px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.22s ease;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0;
  text-align: left;
  font-family: inherit;
  outline: none;
  position: relative;
  height: 72px; /* Super compact: saves over 70% vertical space */
}

.edition-card-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);
  border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

.edition-card-item.active {
  border-color: #00629b;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px -3px rgba(0, 98, 155, 0.25);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  background: #fdfefe;
}

/* Compact Left Banner with edition code */
.edition-card-banner {
  width: 96px;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  border-right: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
}

.edition-card-banner.color-cyan {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e0f2fe 0%, #bae6fd 100%);
}

.edition-card-banner.color-cyan .edition-card-code {
  color: #0284c7;
}

.edition-card-banner.color-amber {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fef3c7 0%, #fde68a 100%);
}

.edition-card-banner.color-amber .edition-card-code {
  color: #b45309;
}

.edition-card-banner.color-coral {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fee2e2 0%, #fecaca 100%);
}

.edition-card-banner.color-coral .edition-card-code {
  color: #e11d48;
}

.edition-card-code {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  user-select: none;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.edition-card-content {
  padding: 8px 12px;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-grow: 1;
  min-width: 0;
}

.edition-card-name {
  font-size: 0.98rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1e293b;
  margin: 0;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.edition-card-desc {
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  color: #64748b;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin: 2px 0 0;
  white-space: nowrap;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.edition-card-status {
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  padding: 3px 9px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  margin: 0 12px 0 0;
  align-self: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  background: #f1f5f9;
  color: #64748b;
}

.edition-card-item.active .edition-card-status {
  background: #00629b;
  color: #ffffff;
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .edition-cards-row {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 10px;
  }
  .edition-card-item {
    height: 64px;
  }
  .edition-card-banner {
    width: 86px;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   GMLAB-STYLE SIMPLE PEOPLE & SPEAKERS CARDS (gmlab.ku.edu.np/People.html)
   ========================================================================== */

/* 3x3 Grid Matrix Layout */
.speaker-grid-3x3,
.gmlab-people-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 26px;
  margin: 20px 0 36px;
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .speaker-grid-3x3,
  .gmlab-people-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: 20px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .speaker-grid-3x3,
  .gmlab-people-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 18px;
  }
}

/* Tab Panels */
.speaker-edition-panel {
  display: none;
  animation: fadeInSpeakers 0.3s ease;
}

.speaker-edition-panel.active {
  display: block;
}

@keyframes fadeInSpeakers {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(6px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}

/* The GMLab-Style Person Card */
.gmlab-person-card,
.speaker-card {
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1.5px solid #edf2f7;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 34px 22px 28px;
  text-align: center;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 18px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.035);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, border-color 0.25s ease;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
}

.gmlab-person-card:hover,
.speaker-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);
  border-color: #cbd5e1;
}

/* Centered circular portrait frame */
.gmlab-photo-frame {
  width: 110px;
  height: 110px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 0 auto 16px;
  border: 3.5px solid #f1f5f9;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: #f8fafc;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.gmlab-photo-frame img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
}

/* Fallback Initials Avatar (Circular matching photo) */
.gmlab-avatar-initials {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #ffffff;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #004b87 0%, #002855 100%);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.gmlab-avatar-initials.color-emerald {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f766e 0%, #134e4a 100%);
}

.gmlab-avatar-initials.color-indigo {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #4338ca 0%, #312e81 100%);
}

.gmlab-avatar-initials.color-amber {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #b45309 0%, #78350f 100%);
}

.gmlab-avatar-initials.color-purple {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #7e22ce 0%, #581c87 100%);
}

/* Category / Role Label (LAB LEAD, LAB ADVISOR, KEYNOTE SPEAKER, etc.) */
.gmlab-role-tag {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #0284c7;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  display: block;
}

/* Person Name */
.gmlab-person-name {
  font-size: 1.18rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #1e293b;
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

/* Designation & Affiliation */
.gmlab-person-affil {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: #64748b;
  margin: 0 0 10px;
  line-height: 1.45;
}

/* Keynote Topic or Track Tag */
.gmlab-person-topic {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: #0369a1;
  background: #f0f9ff;
  border: 1px solid #e0f2fe;
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 4px 12px;
  display: inline-block;
  margin-top: auto;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   PAST EDITIONS TIMELINE
   ========================================================================== */

.past-hero-card{
  background: #ffffff;
  color: var(--text);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 28px 32px;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--blue);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 20px rgba(0, 30, 80, 0.05);
}

.past-hero-card h1,
.past-hero-card h2{
  color: var(--navy);
  margin-top: 0;
}

.timeline-wrap {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 32px auto 40px;
  padding-left: 34px;
}

.timeline-wrap::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  left: 9px;
  width: 3px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, var(--cyan) 0%, rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.3) 100%);
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.timeline-item {
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.timeline-item::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: -33px;
  top: 22px;
  width: 15px;
  height: 15px;
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 3px solid var(--cyan);
  border-radius: 50%;
  box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.6);
  z-index: 2;
}

.timeline-card {
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--cyan);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 24px 28px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.timeline-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 25px rgba(0, 98, 155, 0.12);
}

.timeline-card-head {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-start;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  padding-bottom: 12px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}

.timeline-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  background: rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.12);
  color: var(--blue);
  font-size: 0.76rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  padding: 4px 10px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.timeline-title {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy);
  margin: 0;
}

.timeline-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--cyan);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.timeline-link:hover {
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.timeline-desc {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: #4b5563;
  line-height: 1.6;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.timeline-metrics {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 12px;
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.metric-box {
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 10px 12px;
  text-align: center;
}

.metric-label {
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  font-weight: 700;
  display: block;
}

.metric-val {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--navy);
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .timeline-metrics { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   CONTACT SECTION WITH EXPANDED ROLES & INQUIRY FORM
   ========================================================================== */

.contact-layout{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 3fr 2fr;
  gap: 32px;
  margin: 24px 0 40px;
}

.contact-cards-list{
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(280px, 1fr));
  gap: 20px;
}

.contact-card{
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--cyan);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 22px;
  background: #ffffff;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
}

.contact-card:hover{
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 98, 155, 0.08);
}

.contact-role-badge{
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--cyan);
  background: rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.1);
  padding: 3px 8px;
  border-radius: 2px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.contact-card h3{
  margin: 0 0 6px;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  color: var(--navy);
}

.contact-person{
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: #1e293b;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
}

.contact-detail{
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: #475569;
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin: 4px 0;
}

.contact-detail a{
  color: var(--blue);
  font-weight: 500;
}

.contact-detail a:hover{
  color: var(--navy);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Inquiry Form Box */
.inquiry-box{
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 26px 28px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}

.inquiry-box h3{
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: 6px;
  color: var(--navy);
}

.inquiry-box p{
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.form-group{
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.form-group label{
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #334155;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.form-group input,
.form-group select,
.form-group textarea{
  width: 100%;
  padding: 9px 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-family: inherit;
  outline: none;
  transition: border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.form-group input:focus,
.form-group select:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus{
  border-color: var(--cyan);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.15);
}

.form-submit-btn{
  background: var(--navy);
  color: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid var(--navy);
  padding: 10px 22px;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  border-radius: 4px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  width: 100%;
}

.form-submit-btn:hover{
  background: var(--blue);
  border-color: var(--blue);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 98, 155, 0.25);
}

@media (max-width: 950px){
  .contact-layout{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   FLYER POPUP MODAL
   ========================================================================== */

.flyer-modal{
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 3000;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity 0.3s ease, visibility 0.3s ease;
  padding: 20px;
}

.flyer-modal.active{
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.flyer-backdrop{
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 15, 30, 0.82);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.flyer-content{
  position: relative;
  z-index: 10;
  max-width: 350px;
  width: 90%;
  max-height: 80vh;
  background: #001e3d;
  border: 1.5px solid var(--cyan);
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7);
  overflow: hidden;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  transform: scale(0.92);
  transition: transform 0.3s ease;
}

.flyer-modal.active .flyer-content{
  transform: scale(1);
}

.flyer-header{
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  background: rgba(2, 22, 45, 0.95);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.3);
  color: #ffffff;
}

.flyer-title{
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.flyer-close{
  background: transparent;
  border: none;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 24px;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
  line-height: 1;
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  transition: background 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

.flyer-close:hover{
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  color: var(--cyan-bright);
}

.flyer-image-wrap{
  overflow-y: auto;
  max-height: calc(78vh - 95px);
  padding: 8px;
  background: #001428;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
}

.flyer-img{
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.flyer-footer{
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  padding: 10px 16px;
  background: rgba(2, 22, 45, 0.95);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.flyer-btn{
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.flyer-btn.download-btn{
  color: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
}

.flyer-btn.download-btn:hover{
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
  border-color: #ffffff;
}

.flyer-btn.action-btn{
  background: var(--cyan);
  color: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid var(--cyan);
}

.flyer-btn.action-btn:hover{
  background: #0099bf;
  box-shadow: 0 0 10px rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.5);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   TABLES, NOTE BOXES & FOOTER
   ========================================================================== */

table.dates-table{
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 16px 0 24px;
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

table.dates-table th{
  background: var(--navy);
  color: #ffffff;
  text-align: left;
  padding: 12px 18px;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

table.dates-table td{
  padding: 12px 18px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
}

table.dates-table tr:last-child td{ border-bottom: none; }
table.dates-table tr:nth-child(even){ background: var(--bg-alt); }

.note-box{
  background: rgba(0, 181, 226, 0.08);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--cyan);
  padding: 14px 18px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  margin: 20px 0;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

/* Site Footer */
.site-footer {
  background: #0d1e35;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
  padding: 28px 32px;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  text-align: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.site-footer .footer-logo {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  object-fit: contain;
  opacity: 0.85;
  display: block;
}

.site-footer .footer-text {
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.site-footer .footer-text p {
  margin: 0;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.45);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
}

.site-footer .footer-text a {
  color: var(--cyan);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-footer .footer-text a:hover {
  color: #ffffff;
}

/* Back-to-top button */
.back-to-top {
  position: fixed;
  bottom: 24px;
  right: 24px;
  width: 38px;
  height: 38px;
  background: #1a3558;
  color: #ffffff;
  border: none;
  border-radius: 5px;
  font-size: 18px;
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity 0.25s ease, visibility 0.25s ease, background 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
  z-index: 900;
  line-height: 1;
}

.back-to-top.visible {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.back-to-top:hover {
  background: var(--blue);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .site-footer {
    padding: 20px 16px;
  }
}

/* Definition lists */
dl{ margin: 0 0 24px; }

dl dt{
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  margin-top: 16px;
  font-weight: 600;
}

dl dd{ margin: 4px 0 0; font-size: 1.02rem; }

/* Tables */
table{
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  margin: 0 0 28px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

th, td{
  text-align: left;
  padding: 12px 16px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
}

th{
  background: var(--bg-alt);
  color: var(--navy);
  font-weight: 700;
}

td.num{ text-align: right; font-weight: bold; color: var(--navy); }

/* Note box */
.note{
  border-left: 4px solid var(--cyan);
  background: #f0f9fd;
  padding: 14px 18px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  margin: 0 0 24px;
  border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0;
}

/* Footer */
footer.site-footer p{ margin: 0 0 6px; }

/* ==========================================================================
   GLOBAL MOBILE RESPONSIVENESS ENHANCEMENTS
   ========================================================================== */

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .wrap {
    padding: 0 16px;
  }

  main {
    padding: 24px 0 40px;
  }
  main.index-main {
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
  }

  main.inner-main {
    padding: 24px 0 40px;
  }

  h1.page-title {
    font-size: 1.45rem;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
  }

  h2 {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    margin: 24px 0 10px;
  }

  /* IEEE-Style CFP Banner on small screens */
  .cfp-extended-wrapper {
    padding: 32px 0 36px;
  }

  .cfp-feature-banner {
    margin: 16px 0 16px;
    border-radius: 6px;
  }

  .cfp-feature-inner {
    padding: 20px 16px;
    gap: 18px;
  }

  .cfp-feature-left h2 {
    font-size: 1.35rem;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
  }

  .cfp-feature-left p {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
  }

  .cfp-feature-btn {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 9px 16px;
    font-size: 0.84rem;
  }

  .cfp-feature-link {
    padding: 10px 12px;
    gap: 10px;
  }

  .cfp-feature-link-title {
    font-size: 0.86rem;
  }

  .cfp-feature-link-desc {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
  }

  /* Tables in dates and registration */
  table.dates-table th, 
  table.dates-table td {
    padding: 9px 12px;
    font-size: 0.84rem;
  }

  /* Timeline on past-editions */
  .past-hero-card {
    padding: 18px 18px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
  }

  .timeline-wrap {
    padding-left: 24px;
    margin: 24px auto 30px;
  }

  .timeline-item::before {
    left: -23px;
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
    top: 20px;
  }

  .timeline-card {
    padding: 14px 16px;
  }

  .timeline-title {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
  }

  /* Contact and note boxes */
  .contact-card, .note-box, .note {
    padding: 14px 16px;
  }
}

/* Gallery and Past Event Styles */
.timeline-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 12px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.timeline-btn-more {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  background: var(--navy);
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 6px 14px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.timeline-btn-more:hover {
  background: var(--blue);
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(21, 101, 192, 0.35);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   POLAROID SCATTERED COLLAGE WITH LIGHTHOUSE EFFECT & LIGHTBOX MODAL
   ========================================================================== */

.collage-board {
  position: relative;
  background: #f8fafc;
  background-image: 
    radial-gradient(#e2e8f0 1.2px, transparent 1.2px),
    radial-gradient(#e2e8f0 1.2px, #f8fafc 1.2px);
  background-size: 28px 28px;
  background-position: 0 0, 14px 14px;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 40px 24px;
  border: 1px solid var(--border);
  box-shadow: inset 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.03);
  overflow: visible;
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.collage-polaroid-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px 24px;
  max-width: 1100px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 10px 0;
}

/* Individual Polaroid Card */
.polaroid-card {
  position: relative;
  background: #ffffff;
  padding: 12px 12px 18px 12px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 
    0 12px 28px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14),
    0 6px 10px -2px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06),
    0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  cursor: pointer;
  width: 275px;
  transition: transform 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.175, 0.885, 0.32, 1.275), 
              box-shadow 0.4s ease, 
              z-index 0.1s ease;
  user-select: none;
}

/* Featured / hero central polaroid */
.polaroid-card.featured {
  width: 330px;
  padding: 14px 14px 20px 14px;
  z-index: 10;
  box-shadow: 
    0 24px 44px -6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.2),
    0 10px 16px -4px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.09),
    0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

/* Organic rotations that overlap nicely */
.rot-neg-6 { transform: rotate(-6deg) scale(0.98); }
.rot-pos-5 { transform: rotate(5.5deg) scale(0.98); }
.rot-neg-3 { transform: rotate(-3deg); }
.rot-pos-4 { transform: rotate(4deg); }
.rot-neg-5 { transform: rotate(-5deg) scale(0.99); }
.rot-pos-6 { transform: rotate(6deg) scale(0.97); }
.rot-neg-2 { transform: rotate(-2deg); }
.rot-pos-3 { transform: rotate(3deg); }
.rot-pos-2 { transform: rotate(2deg) scale(0.98); }
.rot-neg-4 { transform: rotate(-4deg); }
.rot-0     { transform: rotate(-0.5deg); }

/* The Photo container inside polaroid */
.polaroid-img-wrap {
  position: relative;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3.2;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #0f172a;
  border-radius: 2px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.polaroid-card.featured .polaroid-img-wrap {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3.4;
}

.polaroid-img-wrap img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  display: block;
  transition: transform 0.5s ease;
}

/* Lighthouse beam / sweeping spotlight hover effect */
.polaroid-img-wrap::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: -120%;
  left: -120%;
  width: 340%;
  height: 340%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at center, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9) 0%, rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.45) 25%, transparent 62%);
  opacity: 0;
  transform: rotate(30deg);
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: opacity 0.4s ease, transform 0.65s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
  z-index: 3;
}

/* Polaroid Hover State (Pops up above everything + Lighthouse beam activates) */
.polaroid-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-12px) scale(1.08) rotate(0deg) !important;
  z-index: 50 !important;
  box-shadow: 
    0 28px 56px -12px rgba(13, 71, 161, 0.3),
    0 14px 28px -6px rgba(41, 182, 246, 0.32),
    0 0 0 2px var(--cyan-bright);
}

.polaroid-card:hover .polaroid-img-wrap img {
  transform: scale(1.04);
}

.polaroid-card:hover .polaroid-img-wrap::before {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translate(25%, 25%) rotate(30deg);
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .collage-board {
    padding: 24px 12px;
  }
  .polaroid-card {
    width: 250px;
    padding: 10px 10px 14px 10px;
  }
  .polaroid-card.featured {
    width: 300px;
    padding: 12px 12px 16px 12px;
  }
  .polaroid-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-6px) scale(1.04) rotate(0deg) !important;
  }
}


/* Lightbox Modal (Click to open photo) */
.lightbox-modal {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 4000;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  background: rgba(2, 14, 30, 0.92);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transition: opacity 0.25s ease, visibility 0.25s ease;
  padding: 24px;
}

.lightbox-modal.active {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
}

.lightbox-dialog {
  max-width: 1050px;
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 90vh;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  position: relative;
  animation: lightboxPop 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
}

@keyframes lightboxPop {
  from { transform: scale(0.94); opacity: 0; }
  to { transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; }
}

.lightbox-img-wrap {
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 80vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  border-radius: 8px;
  box-shadow: 0 16px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
  background: #000000;
}

.lightbox-img-wrap img {
  max-width: 100%;
  max-height: 80vh;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: contain;
  display: block;
}

.lightbox-caption {
  margin-top: 14px;
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-align: center;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  padding: 6px 18px;
  border-radius: 20px;
  backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
}

.lightbox-close {
  position: absolute;
  top: -46px;
  right: 0;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  color: #ffffff;
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 20px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.lightbox-close:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
  transform: scale(1.08);
}

.lightbox-nav-btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.18);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
  color: #ffffff;
  width: 44px;
  height: 44px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 22px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  transition: all 0.2s ease;
  z-index: 10;
}

.lightbox-nav-btn:hover {
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.35);
  transform: translateY(-50%) scale(1.08);
}

.lightbox-prev { left: -60px; }
.lightbox-next { right: -60px; }

@media (max-width: 800px) {
  .lightbox-prev { left: 8px; }
  .lightbox-next { right: 8px; }
  .lightbox-close { top: -40px; right: 8px; }
}